Buffalo Stabbing Festival (Lễ Hội Đâm Trâu) in Vietnam’s Central Highlands: Tradition and Change in 2026

The festival is held by the Bahnar, Jarai, and Ede ethnic groups, primarily in Kon Tum, Gia Lai, and Dak Lak provinces. Traditionally, it takes place between January and March, after the rice harvest. The main rituals include communal dancing, gong music, and the symbolic or actual sacrifice of a buffalo, which is seen as a bridge between the human and spiritual worlds. The event is deeply rooted in the community’s spiritual beliefs and agricultural calendar.

In recent years, growing concern for animal welfare and changing social attitudes have led some villages to modify or replace the buffalo sacrifice with symbolic gestures or alternative offerings. There is no single standard: some communities still practice the traditional ritual, while others have phased it out. The future of the festival is actively debated within the region, and practices can vary widely even between neighboring villages.

Most festivals are not advertised and are organized according to the lunar calendar, so dates and locations may only be known locally. International visitors should contact local guides, cultural centers, or tourism offices in Kon Tum or Pleiku well in advance. Participation by outsiders is sometimes restricted, and permission is often required for photography or recording. Facilities are basic, with homestays and limited English spoken. Guided tours may be available, but expect a focus on cultural immersion rather than staged performances.

Approach the festival with respect and sensitivity. Dress modestly, ask before taking photos, and follow the guidance of local hosts. Be prepared for simple accommodation and limited amenities. Transport to villages is usually by local bus or arranged through a guide. Cash is essential, as card payments are rarely accepted. If invited to participate in communal meals or dances, observe local etiquette and accept with gratitude.